A locum is a lawyer who stands in for you (the “lawyer/client”) to cover and run your practice, either for a specified period of time or some other arrangement, while you are away on vacation or sick-leave.
Locums can be a viable option if you want to get away from the office and don’t have partners available to cover your workload.
Usually, the locum will be retained to come right into your office and deal with every type of file handled by your practice. Optionally, the locum may be brought in to handle specific matters, as decided between the parties.
It could be full time or part time, depending on the arrangements to which each party agrees; the locum could offer services off-site as well.
Finding a locum
Note: Before hiring a locum, satisfy yourself that the locum has the ability and capacity to deal adequately with any legal matters to be undertaken.
To find a locum:
- Log in to search the Law Society Locum Registry
- Ask for referrals from colleagues
- Check advertisements in legal publications and publications such as The Advocate and Bar Talk
Becoming a locum
Locums are usually lawyers who are seeking some variety in their professional lives, would like a transition to full retirement, or perhaps wish to pursue travel and live in other communities for a period of time.
The role of a locum is to ensure another lawyer’s practice runs smoothly while the lawyer is away. This includes generating a positive cash flow, perhaps attracting new client files, and maintaining a positive working relationship with staff.
Considerations
Before accepting a retainer, ensure that you have the ability and capacity to deal adequately with any legal matters to be undertaken. You cannot rely on support staff to fulfill your obligations to the client – the buck stops with you.
Make sure you (or senior staff) have an emergency contact phone or email for your lawyer/client.
How to establish yourself as a locum
Register with the Law Society Locum Registry Log-in to access the registry
Advertise your services to other lawyers so they are aware what you do and where you are prepared to offer your services. Let people know that you are willing to undertake this type of work, but be sure that you are competent to handle all required practice areas.
Contact sole practitioners and explain what you do. They may know of other lawyers who may be interested in hiring a locum.
Terms of engagement
Confirm your arrangement with your lawyer/client in writing. Often the lawyer/client will want some form of confirmation that you will be in their office when you say you will and the length of time you have agreed to act as locum.
For precedent material, consider adapting the various forms of retainer letter on the Law Society website. Whatever format you use, ensure it includes:
- the fee arrangement
- expenses
- some form of cancellation clause
Remember you are entering into a binding contract and it needs the same careful drafting and review as you would give to any other client’s contract. Each locum will have his or her own style of engagement letter and set out how he/she wants to communicate with the lawyer/client.
The locum arrangement
Communicate directly with the lawyer/client or their office manager. Ensure that you put in writing what you are prepared to do and what you are specifically not prepared to do.
Make sure you have signing authority. Find out the name of the bookkeeper, and establish a rapport. Consider a dual-signature signing authority with you as one signatory, and a senior staff member from the office as the other. This protects both the locum and lawyer/client's interest in the financial management of the firm while the lawyer/client is away.
Have the necessary office equipment It will not be necessary for you to travel with an “office” as a locum, but you will need:
Consider ensuring you have access on-site to the Law Society Practice Checklists Manual and the Continuing Legal Education practice manuals.
Ensure you know the names of all staff in the office to build strong working relationships and start on the right foot.
Mobility and accommodation
Locums are required all over the province and often you will be required to travel and stay locally. Unless you are only going to accept a locum that is an easy commute from your home, make travel and accommodation arrangements.
If you are staying in a motel, consider whether you will be eating out most of the time or cooking your own meals; ask what facilities the motel may have, and who is responsible for booking the motel.
If you are staying at the lawyer’s home, ensure that arrangements have been made for keys, alarm codes, passwords and other security measures before you arrive. Consider also where you will be sleeping and what household items you may be expected to bring.
Ethical issues
Clients The clients are NOT your clients — they are the clients of the lawyer/client, who expects to maintain the relationships. Do not expect to take those clients with you, except at the request of your lawyer/client.
Referrals If you cannot handle a matter and it is urgent, refer it to a local colleague who covers such work. Do not risk losing the client for the practice you are covering.
Professional misconduct If you believe your lawyer/client may have breached an undertaking, stolen trust funds or done anything else that would raise a substantial question as to the lawyer's honesty or trustworthiness, you must report the matter to the Law Society (Chapter 7 of the BC Code). If the solution is unclear, contact a Law Society practice advisor.
Undertakings While an undertaking is always the responsibility of the lawyer who gives it, often undertakings such as payment of strata maintenance fees, obligations to register discharges at the LTO, can usually be safely given knowing the lawyer/client’s office will perform the obligation. You can often judge soon after you start what sort of office operation you are at. If the practice is run in a somewhat sloppy fashion, be cautious about entering into an undertaking. It is better to say no than put yourself in a potential liability situation. Remember, the liability is definitely the locum’s and not the lawyer/client’s as it is you, as locum, who signed the letter.
Dealing with difficult clients Treat these clients the same as you would in your own practice and get some input from the senior support staff if you have a particularly difficult client.
New clients It is appropriate for new clients to meet with the locum in the absence of the lawyer.
Confidentiality and conflicts. Both the lawyer/client and the locum need to turn their minds to the issues of client confidentiality and conflicts.
The lawyer/client owes a duty of confidentiality to his or her clients. If the lawyer/client intends to use locums on a more or less regular basis, consider adding something to the firm’s retainer letter to obtain client consent to locums providing coverage from time to time during the lawyer/client’s temporary absence. If no consent was given at the time of retainer, the lawyer/client should obtain the consent from any clients who will be meeting with the locum during the lawyer/client’s absence. If by the time the locum commences there is no prior client consent, the locum must address the issue of confidentiality and obtain the consent from clients as they present themselves. If a client does not wish to have the locum attend to a matter and it can wait, then it should be put over until the lawyer/client returns. If the client can’t wait, the client is free to take the matter elsewhere; however, if the client calls for his or her file, and fees or disbursements are outstanding that the client does not wish to pay, the locum will need to consider the issue of solicitors’ liens. See the article Solicitors’ Liens and Charging Orders – Your Fees and Your Clients.
The lawyer/client and the locum also need to address the issue of conflicts. For those clients that the lawyer/client knows will be meeting with the locum, clear the issue of conflicts in advance. If a number of conflicts are discovered, the choice of locum may need to be reconsidered. In some instances, it may not be possible to clear all conflicts before the lawyer/client leaves, so the locum will need to consult his or her own client conflict lists (either from his or her own practice or from other locums he or she has taken on) to be sure there are none before commencing work on the matter.